Thursday, 16 February 2017

INSIGHTS ON CAPITAL GAINS TAX

Capital Gains Tax (CGT) is imposed on gains accruing to any person on disposal of assets under the Capital Gains Tax Act (CGTA). The applicable tax rate for CGT is 10%.

CGT in respect of companies are collected by the Federal Inland Revenue Service (FIRS), while the State tax authority covering the location where an individual resides collects the individual’s CGT. Roll-over relief is available to any company acquiring a new asset to be used for the purposes of the trade in replacement of an old one.

Where assets situated outside Nigeria are disposed by a non-Nigerian company, or an expatriate, CGT is only charged in respect of that part of the gain (if any) which is brought into or received in Nigeria. Generally, gains on transfer of securities, stocks and shares are exempt from CGT.

CHARGEABLE ASSET

All forms of property are classified as assets for the purposes of CGTA whether situated in Nigeria or not (except specifically excluded). These properties include:

a.    options, debts and incorporeal properties generally;
b.    any currency other than Nigerian currency; and
c.    any form of property created by the person disposing  it, or otherwise coming to be owned without being acquired.
 
EXCLUSION FROM CHARGEABLE ASSETS

CGTA exempts some gains from taxation; these include gains accruing to/from:

(a)        Charities and Statutory bodies;
(b)        Retirement Benefit Schemes;
(c)        Decorations;
(d)        Stocks and Shares;
(e)        Replacement of Business Assets;
(f)        Re-invested Proceeds;
(g)       Life Assurance Policies and other Insurance Policies;
(h)        Motor Cars;
(l)        Gifts;
(j)         Disposal of Principal Private Residence;
(k)        Chattels sold for N1, 000 or less in a year; and
(l)        Compensation from Personal Injury.

CALCULATION OF CAPITAL GAINS
 
Capital gains represent mainly the excess of disposal proceeds over the cost of the particular assets.
 
In the computation of any chargeable gains, gains chargeable to tax shall be the difference between the consideration accruing to any person on the disposal of an assets and any sum to be excluded from that consideration, and the amount of the value of any expenditure allowable to such person on such disposal.
 

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